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'''توجہ خسار ہایپر ایکٹیوٹی ڈس آرڈر''' (ADHD) چھُ نیورو ڈیولوپمینٹ قسمک اکھاَکھ ذہنی عارضہ۔<ref name="pmid23299717">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sroubek A, Kelly M, Li X|date=February 2013|title=Inattentiveness in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder|journal=Neuroscience Bulletin|volume=29|issue=1|pages=103–10|doi=10.1007/s12264-012-1295-6|pmc=4440572|pmid=23299717}}</ref><ref name="Caroline2010">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://books.google.com/?id=PaO3jsaGkeYC&pg=PA133|title=Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=2010|isbn=9780387717982|veditors=Caroline SC|pages=133|access-date=8 August 2020|archive-date=29 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829104348/https://books.google.com/books?id=PaO3jsaGkeYC&pg=PA133&hl=en|url-status=live}}</ref> امچ خصوصیت چھِ توجہ دنس منٛزمَنٛز دشوٲری، ضرورت کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ سرگرمی، تہٕ نتائجن بغأر عمل کرن، یُس نہٕ دیمہٕ صورتہٕ منٛزمَنٛز کنہٕ شخصہٕ سندٕ عمرٕ خاطرٕ موزوں آسہٕ نہٕ۔<ref name="NIH2016">{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder|date=March 2016|url=http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/index.shtml|website=National Institute of Mental Health|access-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723192735/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/index.shtml|archive-date=23 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="DSM5">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=American Psychiatric Association|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|year=2013|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|location=Arlington|isbn=978-0-89042-555-8|pages=59–65|edition=5th}}</ref> ADHD سۭتۍسٟتؠ دوچار کنہہ افراد چھ جذباتن منظم کرنس منٛزمَنٛز دۄشوٲری یا انتظامی افعالس سٟتؠ مسائل تہٕ ظٲہِر کران۔<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Faraone SV, Rostain AL, Blader J, Busch B, Childress AC, Connor DF, Newcorn JH|date=February 2019|title=Practitioner Review: Emotional dysregulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - implications for clinical recognition and intervention|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/8917161f5885c81c9d4790f6ac76162fc07e0ad7|journal=Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines|volume=60|issue=2|pages=133–150|doi=10.1111/jcpp.12899|pmid=29624671|access-date=8 August 2020|archive-date=27 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827233718/https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Practitioner-Review%3A-Emotional-dysregulation-in-for-Faraone-Rostain/8917161f5885c81c9d4790f6ac76162fc07e0ad7|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Tenenbaum RB, Musser ED, Morris S, Ward AR, Raiker JS, Coles EK, Pelham WE|date=April 2019|title=Response Inhibition, Response Execution, and Emotion Regulation among Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder|journal=Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology|volume=47|issue=4|pages=589–603|doi=10.1007/s10802-018-0466-y|pmc=6377355|pmid=30112596}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lenzi F, Cortese S, Harris J, Masi G|date=January 2018|title=Pharmacotherapy of emotional dysregulation in adults with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis|url=https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/414373/1/MAIN_TEXT_R1_CLEANED_FINAL.doc|journal=Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews|volume=84|pages=359–367|doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.010|pmid=28837827|access-date=31 July 2020|archive-date=26 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726104959/https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/414373/1/MAIN_TEXT_R1_CLEANED_FINAL.doc|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="DSM5" /> [[تَشخیٖص (طِب)|تشخیص]] خٲطرٕ، پزٕ علامات کٲسہٕ شخصن بہہ ورین برونٹھ ظٲہر گژھن، شیٚن رؠتن کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ روزن، تہٕ کم از کم دۄن ترتیبن منٛزمَنٛز دشواری پٲدٕ کرن (یتھیَتھ کٔنۍکٔنؠ سکول، گرٕ، یا تفریحی سرگرمیہٕ) ۔<ref name="CDC">{{ویب حَوالہٕ|website=Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)|title=Symptoms and Diagnosis|url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html|publisher=Division of Human Development, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=29 September 2014|access-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107202516/http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html|archive-date=7 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="Lake2011">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Dulcan|first=Mina K.|last2=Lake|first2=MaryBeth|chapter=Axis I Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood or Adolescence: Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders|chapter-url={{google books|HvTa2nArhOsC|pages=23|plainurl=yes}}|title=Concise Guide to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry|url={{google books|HvTa2nArhOsC|plainurl=yes}}|via=Google Books|edition=4th illustrated|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|isbn=978-1-58562-416-4|date=2011|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=HvTa2nArhOsC&pg=PA34 34]}}</ref> بچن منٛز،مَنٛز، توجہ دنک مسائل چھِ سکوٗلچ خراب کارکردگی ہنٛد نتیجہٕ۔<ref name="NIH2016" /> امہٕ علاوٕ، چھُ باقٕے ذہنی خرابین تہٕ منشیاتچ غلط استعمالس سٟتؠ اکھاَکھ تعلق۔<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Erskine HE, Norman RE, Ferrari AJ, Chan GC, Copeland WE, Whiteford HA, Scott JG|title=Long-Term Outcomes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Conduct Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis|journal=Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry|volume=55|issue=10|pages=841–50|date=October 2016|pmid=27663939|doi=10.1016/j.jaac.2016.06.016}}</ref> اگرچہ یہیہِ خراب گژھنک سبب چھ بنان، خاص طور پٲٹھؠ جدید معاشرس منٛز،مَنٛز، ADHD سٟتؠ دوچار واریہ لوکھ ہیکن تمن کامین کن مستقل توجہ دتھ یم تمن دلچسپ یا ثٲبت چھ آسان (یتھیَتھ ہایپر فوکس ونان چھ) ۔<ref name="Koo2019">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Kooij JJ, Bijlenga D, Salerno L, Jaeschke R, Bitter I, Balázs J, etal|title=Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD|journal=European Psychiatry|volume=56|pages=14–34|date=February 2019|pmid=30453134|doi=10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.11.001|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Wal2012">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Walitza S, Drechsler R, Ball J|title=[The school child with ADHD]|language=DE|journal=Therapeutische Umschau|volume=69|issue=8|pages=467–73|date=August 2012|pmid=22851461|doi=10.1024/0040-5930/a000316|trans-title=The school child with ADHD|url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/74507/1/Schulkind_mit_ADHS_Final_Manuskript.pdf|access-date=31 July 2020|archive-date=26 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726110423/https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/74507/1/Schulkind_mit_ADHS_Final_Manuskript.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
بَچن تہٕ نوعمرن منٛزمَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ مُطالعہٕ کرنہٕ آمٕژ تہٕ تشخیٖص کرنہٕ آمٕژ دٮ۪ماغی بٮ۪مارِ آسنہٕ باووٚجوٗد چھِ زیادٕزیٛادٕ تر معاملَن منٛزمَنٛز صٔحیح وجہ نامعلوٗم۔ جینیٲتی عواملن ہُنٛد تخمینہ چُھچھُ خطرُک تَقریٖبَن 75 فیصد بنان۔ حملس دوران نیکوٹینُک نمٲئش ہیکہِ ماحولیٲتی خطرٕ ٲسِتھ۔ یہِ چھُنہٕ باسان زِ امیُک تعلق چھُنہٕ پرورش یا نظم و ضبطٕک اندازَس سٟتؠ۔ یہٕ چُھچھُ تقریباًتَقریٖبَن 5-7 فیصد بچن متٲثر کران ییٚلہٕ DSM-IV کِس معیارس ذریعہٕ تشخیص چُھچھُ یوان کرنہٕ تہٕ ICD-10 کِس معیارس ذریعہٕ تشخیص کرنہٕ سۭتۍسٟتؠ چُھچھُ 1-2٪ گژھان۔ 2015 ہَس تام اوس امیُک اندازٕ عالمی سطحَس پٮ۪ٹھپؠٹھ تَقریٖبَن 51.1 ملین لُکھ متٲثر کران۔ شرح چِھچھِ ملکن درمیان ہِوی تہٕ زیادٕزیٛادٕ تر چُھچھُ اتھاَتھ کتھہٕ پیٹھپؠٹھ منحصر زِ امچ تشخیص کِتھ پأنٹھ چِھچھِ یوان کرنہٕ۔ ADHD چُھچھُ کورین ہنٛدس مقابلس منٛزمَنٛز لڑکن منٛزمَنٛز تَقریٖبَن دۄگنہٕ زیٛادٕ تشخیص یوان کرنہٕ، حالانکہ یہٕ خرٲبی چِھچھِ اکثر کورین منٛزمَنٛز نظر انداز کرنہٕ یوان تِکیٛاز یمن ہنٛز علامات چِھچھِ لڑکن سٟتؠ مختلف آسان۔ لۄکچارس منٛزمَنٛز تشخیص گژھن وٲلۍوٲلؠ تَقریٖبَن 30-50 فیصد لوکن منٛزمَنٛز چھِ جوانی تام علامات آسان تہٕ 2-5 فیصد بالغن منٛزمَنٛز چھِ یہٕ حالت آسان۔ بالغن منزمَنٛز ہیٚکہِ ہائپر ایکٹیوٹی بدلہٕ اندرونیاۆنٛدروٗنی بے چینی گژھِتھ۔ تِم چھِ اَکثَر مُقابلہٕ کرنٕچ ہُنَر تیار کران یِم تِہنٛزِ کینٛہہ یا تمام خرٲبی پوٗرٕ چھِ کران۔ باقی حالاتن علاوٕ ہیٚکہٕ یہٕ حالت ونُن مشکل أستھ، سٟتؠ سٟتؠ سرگرمی ہنٛز اعلی سطحن سٟتؠ فرق کرُن یُس ونہٕ تہٕ عام طرزٕ عمل کس حدس منٛزمَنٛز چُھ۔چھُ۔
اے ڈی ایچ ڈی کہ انتظامٕچ سفارشہٕ چھےٚ ملکہٕ مُطٲبق مختٔلف آسان تہٕ عام طور پٲٹھۍپٲٹھؠ چھےٚ مشاورتی طرز زندگی منٛزمَنٛز تبدیلی تہٕ دواہن ہنٛد کیٚنٛہہ امتزاج شٲمل آسان۔<ref name="NIH2016" /> برطانوی رہنما خطوط چھ صرف تمن بچن منٛزمَنٛز گوڑنچ لائن علاجک پٲنٹھ دواہچ سفارش کران یمن منٛزمَنٛز شدید علامات چھ آسان تہٕ یمن منٛزمَنٛز اعتدال پسند علامات چھ آسان یمن منٛزمَنٛز یا تہٕ انکار چھ کران یا کونسلنگ سۭتۍسٟتؠ بہتر گژھنس منٛزمَنٛز ناکام چھ آسان، حالانکہ بالغن خٲطرٕ چھ دواہچ تجویز یوان کرنہٕ۔<ref name="NICE2009-PharmRec">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Management of ADHD in Children, Young People and Adults|last=National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health|series=NICE Clinical Guidelines|volume=72|publisher=British Psychological Society|location=Leicester|isbn=978-1-85433-471-8|date=2009|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53652/|chapter=Pharmacological Treatment|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53654/|pages=[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53654/#ch10.s92 303–307]|via=NCBI Bookshelf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113133612/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53652/|archive-date=13 January 2016}}</ref> کینیڈین تہٕ امریکی رہنما خطوط چھ پری اسکولک عمرک بچن منٛزمَنٛز رویہٕ کہ انتظامچ تجویز کران ییلہٕ زن دواہ تہٕ رویہٕ تھراپی یییہٕ ملتھ تجویز کرنہٕ۔<ref name="CADDRA">{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Canadian ADHD Practice Guidelines|url=http://www.caddra.ca/cms4/pdfs/caddraGuidelines2011Introduction.pdf|website=Canadian ADHD Alliance|access-date=4 February 2011|archive-date=21 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121222344/https://www.caddra.ca/cms4/pdfs/caddraGuidelines2011Introduction.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CDC guideline">{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Recommendations|url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/guidelines.html|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=13 July 2015|date=24 June 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707181535/http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/guidelines.html|archive-date=7 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="APP2019">{{Cite journal|last=Wolraich|first=ML|last2=Hagan JF|first2=Jr|last3=Allan|first3=C|last4=Chan|first4=E|last5=Davison|first5=D|last6=Earls|first6=M|last7=Evans|first7=SW|last8=Flinn|first8=SK|last9=Froehlich|first9=T|last10=Frost|first10=J|last11=Holbrook|first11=JR|journal=Pediatrics|title=Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents.|date=October 2019|volume=144|issue=4|pages=e20192528|doi=10.1542/peds.2019-2528|pmid=31570648|pmc=7067282}}</ref> محرکاتن سۭتۍسٟتؠ چھ علاج کم کھوتہٕ کم 14 ہن رؠتن تام مؤثر آسان تاہم، یمن ہنٛز طویل مدتی تاثیر چھ نہٕ واضح تہٕ امکۍامکؠ ممکنہ سنگین مضر اثرات چھ۔<ref name="StorebøPedersen2018">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Storebø OJ, Pedersen N, Ramstad E, Kielsholm ML, Nielsen SS, Krogh HB, Moreira-Maia CR, Magnusson FL, Holmskov M, Gerner T, Skoog M, Rosendal S, Groth C, Gillies D, Buch Rasmussen K, Gauci D, Zwi M, Kirubakaran R, Håkonsen SJ, Aagaard L, Simonsen E, Gluud C|date=May 2018|title=Methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents - assessment of adverse events in non-randomised studies|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=5|pages=CD012069|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD012069.pub2|pmc=6494554|pmid=29744873}}</ref><ref>{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NIMH » The Multimodal Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Study (MTA):Questions and Answers|website=NIMH » Home|url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/funding/clinical-research/practical/mta/the-multimodal-treatment-of-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-study-mta-questions-and-answers.shtml|access-date=2019-01-01|quote=Why were the MTA medication treatments more effective than community treatments that also usually included medication? Answer: There were substantial differences in quality and intensity between the study-provided medication treatments and those provided in the community care group.|archive-date=30 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130184640/https://www.nimh.nih.gov/funding/clinical-research/practical/mta/the-multimodal-treatment-of-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-study-mta-questions-and-answers.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="NICE 2009">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Management of ADHD in Children, Young People and Adults|last=National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health|series=NICE Clinical Guidelines|volume=72|publisher=British Psychological Society|location=Leicester|isbn=978-1-85433-471-8|date=2009|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53652/|via=NCBI Bookshelf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113133612/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53652/|archive-date=13 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="Long-Term Outcomes Medications">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Huang YS, Tsai MH|title=Long-term outcomes with medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: current status of knowledge|journal=CNS Drugs|volume=25|issue=7|pages=539–54|date=July 2011|pmid=21699268|doi=10.2165/11589380-000000000-00000}}</ref><ref name="Long-term 2015">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Arnold LE, Hodgkins P, Caci H, Kahle J, Young S|title=Effect of treatment modality on long-term outcomes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=10|issue=2|pages=e0116407|date=February 2015|pmid=25714373|pmc=4340791|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0116407|display-authors=4|bibcode=2015PLoSO..1016407A}}</ref><ref name="Long-term 36">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Parker J, Wales G, Chalhoub N, Harpin V|title=The long-term outcomes of interventions for the management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials|journal=Psychology Research and Behavior Management|volume=6|issue=|pages=87–99|date=September 2013|pmid=24082796|pmc=3785407|doi=10.2147/PRBM.S49114|quote=Results suggest there is moderate-to-high-level evidence that combined pharmacological and behavioral interventions, and pharmacological interventions alone can be effective in managing the core ADHD symptoms and academic performance at 14 months. However, the effect size may decrease beyond this period. ... Only one paper examining outcomes beyond 36 months met the review criteria. ... There is high level evidence suggesting that pharmacological treatment can have a major beneficial effect on the core symptoms of ADHD (hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity) in approximately 80% of cases compared with placebo controls, in the short term.22}}</ref><ref name="CNS09">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wigal SB|year=2009|title=Efficacy and safety limitations of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapy in children and adults|journal=CNS Drugs|volume=23 Suppl 1|pages=21–31|doi=10.2165/00023210-200923000-00004|pmid=19621975}}</ref>
طبی ادبس منٛزمَنٛز چھ 18 مہ صدی پیٹھہٕ ADHD ہچ علامات بیان آمت کرنہٕ۔<ref name="Lange Reichl 2010">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lange KW, Reichl S, Lange KM, Tucha L, Tucha O|title=The history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder|journal=Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders|volume=2|issue=4|pages=241–55|date=December 2010|pmid=21258430|pmc=3000907|doi=10.1007/s12402-010-0045-8|doi-access=free}}</ref> اے ڈی ایچ ڈی، امچ تشخیص، تہٕ امیُک علاج چھ 1970 کہٕ دہائی پیٹھہٕ متنازعہ سمجھنہٕ یوان۔<ref name="Parrillo 2008 63">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Encyclopedia of Social Problems|vauthors=Parrillo VN|year=2008|publisher=SAGE|isbn=9781412941655|pages=63|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mRGr_B4Y1CEC|access-date=2 May 2009|archive-date=4 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104002705/https://books.google.com/books?id=mRGr_B4Y1CEC|url-status=live}}</ref> تنازعن منٛزمَنٛز چھ معالجین، وۄستادس، پالیسی ساز، والدین تہٕ میڈیا شٲمل۔ موضوعاتن منٛزمَنٛز چھ ADHD کہ وجوہات تہٕ امکس علاجس منٛزمَنٛز محرک ادویاتک استعمالاِستِمال شٲمل۔<ref name="May2008">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Mayes R, Bagwell C, Erkulwater J|title=ADHD and the rise in stimulant use among children|journal=Harvard Review of Psychiatry|volume=16|issue=3|pages=151–66|date=2008|pmid=18569037|doi=10.1080/10673220802167782}}</ref> زیٛادٕ تَر صحتچ دیکھ بھال فراہم کرن وأل چھ ADHD شرؠن تہٕ بڑؠن منٛزمَنٛز اکھاَکھ حقیقی عارضہٕ پٲنٹھ قبول کران، تہٕ سائنسی برادری منٛزمَنٛز چھ بحث بنیٲدی طور پٲنٹھ اتھاَتھ کتھۍکتھؠ پیٹھپؠٹھ مرکوز ز امچ تشخیص تہٕ علاج کتھ پٲنٹھ چھ یوان کرنہٕ۔<ref name="Sim">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sim MG, Hulse G, Khong E|title=When the child with ADHD grows up|journal=Australian Family Physician|volume=33|issue=8|pages=615–8|date=August 2004|pmid=15373378|url=http://www.racgp.org.au/afp/200408/20040803sim.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924083931/http://www.racgp.org.au/afp/200408/20040803sim.pdf|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Online">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=Silver LB|title=Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|edition=3rd|year=2004|isbn=978-1-58562-131-6|pages=4–7}}</ref><ref name="Schonwald">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Schonwald A, Lechner E|title=Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: complexities and controversies|journal=Current Opinion in Pediatrics|volume=18|issue=2|pages=189–95|date=April 2006|pmid=16601502|doi=10.1097/01.mop.0000193302.70882.70}}</ref> اتھاَتھ حالتس ٲس باضابطہ طورس پیٹھپؠٹھ توجہ کس کمی کس عارضہٕ (ADD) کہ ناوٕ سٕتۍسٕتؠ زاننہٕ یوان 1980 پیٹھہٕ 1987 تام، ییلہ زن کہ ایمہ برونٹھ اوس یہٕ '''بچپنک ہائپرکینٹک رد عمل''' کہ ناوٕ سٕۍسٕؠ زاننہٕ یوان۔<ref name="We2005">{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Weiss|first=Lawrence G.|title=WISC-IV clinical use and interpretation scientist-practitioner perspectives|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier Academic Press|location=Amsterdam|isbn=978-0-12-564931-5|pages=237|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Eg9U9e_ICr8C&pg=PA237|access-date=31 July 2020|archive-date=16 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116095548/https://books.google.com/books?id=Eg9U9e_ICr8C&pg=PA237|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=ADHD: The Diagnostic Criteria|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/medicating/adhd/diagnostic.html|accessdate=5 March 2016|agency=Frontline|publisher=PBS|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420080026/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/medicating/adhd/diagnostic.html|archivedate=20 April 2016}}</ref>
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